Henry+Hudson

=__**Henry Hudson**__=

By Nelson Mckiggan (overview and the ships), Ryan Murley (His Voyages), Liam Fernandez (The Henry Hudson Mutiny)

**OVERVIEW-**
Henry Hudson was born in 1570 in England. Hudson was an explorer that went on voyages and was famous for being the first European to sail up the Hudson River. He was a navigator and was hired by many people to captain their ship. Sadly, he is suspected to have died after a mutiny on board his ship. The crew put him, his son and 7 others in a small boat and sent them adrift. There are no records of his death. Hudson was married and had three sons,

**__His Voyages__**
Henry Hudson went on 4 voyages in his life and the first one was in 1607. This is where Hudson first appears in History as a captain of his own ship The Hopewell. This is the first time he has been recorded in history due to a journal that he and his crew wrote in. He first wanted to sail to the poles and he and the people around him believed that the more north they went the hotter it would get and the ice would melt. Therefore they would be in open seas but it did not and they hit the North Pole so they could not go through. Although this voyage was unsuccesful he did make discoveries he did find a whales pod on spitzbergan island. Which brought an opportunity to the English as a commercial benefit to kill the whales for food to the people for the land and the sailors on board. He also changed the map made by Edward Wright which he made 1599 to 1600.

Henry's second voyage was only three months after he had finished his first and he went on the same ship. But this time he would try to find a northeast passage rather then a north as what he did last time. He was hired by a russian company who wanted to find a new trade route that they could use to deliever merchandise. This voyage had yet again not been as what was hoped for as he couldn't get past the icy waters. Although that route didn't work out he wanted to try and go northwest but after the crew found out that they were not going home the demanded him to and would not go to the northwest. So the went back and also Hudson had to write a letter saying that the crew had not forced him to go back it was his idea.

Hudson's third voyage was hard for him to do beacuse he couldn't find anyone in England to let him do it so he had to go to their trading rivals the Dutch. Once they went aboard Henry again had a near mutiny again and this was lead by Robert Juet who had been a trouble maker for Hudson anyway. Even though Henry was hired to find a Northeast passage he went t look for the New World he travalled the northeast coast of America and then he found a river that he thought could possibly be a passage but after 140 kilometers he couldn't go any further because it was getting to shallow so he headed home yet again. This river was later called the Hudson River. Once he returned to England though he was arrested for sailing under another nations flag. Hudson was soon realsed so he could go on his last and final voyage on the Discovery.

His final voyage was to go look for a passage in the Northwest. Hudson again recruited Robert Juet even though he had caused to near mutiny's. As soon as they had left there were problems from the very begging, there were fights and argument and a near mutiny in the first few months things were not going well for Henry he hadn't even reached were he wanted to go and there were already problems with the crew. The discovery ended up sailing throught the arctic waters in Quebec he went through what is today known as Hudson's Straight and Hudson's Bay even though he did not discover Hudson's Straight. When they got to Fall they were stuck unable to go futher on or go back because of the harsh winds and temperature. But when it got to spring they started sailing again. Hudson wanted to keep exploring but all the crew wanted to go home after more fights and accusations a mutiny was lead by Robert, they set Hudson, his son and crew members they didn't like on a smaller boat and set them a drift while the discovery sailed away.

**__ The Henry Hudson Mutiny __**

400 years ago Henry Hudson the English explorer discovered the northeast coast of North America on his famous boat the HMS discovery. His discovery of the North east coast or known as Canada today meant that many things were named after him including towns and rivers like the Hudson River that runs through New York, but the question is what ever happened to this great explorer. It is sad that Henry Hudson may have even been killed cold blooded, said to be killed in a mutiny by his crew in a later voyage through the northern parts of Canada. Hudson was said to of have died in the time period of 1611. But there have been a few reasons for why Henry Hudson’s mutiny according to Peter Mancall, a professor of history at the University of Southern California said that Hudson’s crew was angry at him after he continued exploring in the harsh winter and this could of have easily been the reason for Hudson’s mutiny.

One of the key suspects of the mutiny of Henry Hudsen is Robert Juet, juet is said to of have had problems with Henry from the very start of the voyage. Jeut and the crew were said to of have had problems with Hudsen and wnated to stop exploring but Henry diagreed and this could of have caused hatred in the crew causing the mutiny.

=**THE SHIPS:**= Hudson had quite a few ships:
 * The Hopewell
 * HMS Discovery
 * The Halfmoon

He would have needed navigational aids, during this period, he would have used:

 * Astrolabes
 * Charts
 * Compasses
 * Cross-staffs
 * Nocturnals
 * Traverse boards
 * Almanacs